______ deals with techniques of using live organisms or enzymes from organisms to produce products and processes useful to humans. I
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many other processes/techniques are also included under biotechnology. For example, in vitro fertilisation leading to a ‘test-tube’ baby, synthesising a gene and using it, developing a DNA vaccine or correcting a ______, are all part of biotechnology.
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The ______ of Biotechnology (EFB) has given a definition of biotechnology that encompasses both traditional view and modern molecular biotechnology.
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‘The integration of natural science and organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular ______ for products and services’.
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Among many, the two core techniques that enabled birth of modern biotechnology are : (i) ______ engineering : Techniques to alter the chemistry of genetic material (DNA and RNA),to introduce these into host organisms and thus change the phenotype of the host organism.
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Among many, the two core techniques that enabled birth Bioprocess engineering: Maintenance of sterile (microbial contamination-free) ambience in chemical engineering processes to enable growth of only the desired microbe/eukaryotic cell in large quantities for the manufacture of biotechnological products like ______, vaccines, ______, etc.
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You probably appreciate the advantages of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction. The ______ provides opportunities for variations and formulation of unique combinations of genetic setup, some of which may be beneficial to the organism as well as the population.
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Asexual reproduction preserves the ______ information, while sexual reproduction permits variation.
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Traditional hybridisation procedures used in plant and animal breeding, very often lead to ______ and multiplication of undesirable genes along with the desired genes.
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The techniques of genetic engineering which include creation of ______, use of gene cloning and gene transfer, overcome this limitation and allows us to isolate and introduce only one or a set of desirable genes without introducing undesirable genes into the target organism
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this piece of DNA would not be able to multiply itself in the progeny cells of the organism. But, when it gets integrated into the genome of the recipient, it may multiply and be ______ along with the host DNA
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This is because the alien piece of DNA has become part of a chromosome, which has the ability to ______ .
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In a chromosome there is a specific DNA sequence called the ______, which is responsible for initiating replication.
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Therefore, for the multiplication of any alien piece of DNA in an organism it needs to be a part of a chromosome(s) which has a specific sequence known as ‘ ______ '.
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Thus, an alien DNA is linked with the origin of replication, so that, this alien piece of DNA can replicate and multiply itself in the host organism. This can also be called as cloning or making multiple identical copies of any ______ .
Mediquiz